Muhammad Yunus (born 28 June 1940) is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance.[1] These loans are given to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans. Yunus and the Grameen Bank were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their efforts through microcredit to create economic and social development from below". The Norwegian Nobel Committee said that "lasting peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty" and that "across cultures and civilizations, Yunus and Grameen Bank have shown that even the poorest of the poor can work to bring about their own development".[2] Yunus has received several other national and international honours. He received the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2010.[3]
After his graduation, Yunus joined the Bureau of Economics as a research assistant to the economics researches of Nurul Islam and Rehman Sobhan.[12] Later, he was appointed lecturer in economics in Chittagong College in 1961.[12] During that time, he also set up a profitable packaging factory on the side.[11] In 1965, he received a Fulbright scholarship to study in the United States. He obtained his PhD in economics from the Vanderbilt University Graduate Program in Economic Development (GPED)[13] in 1971.[14] From 1969 to 1972, Yunus was assistant professor of economics at Middle Tennessee State University in Murfreesboro.
If God Was A Banker Ebook Pdf Free 28
The lure of profits attracted some for-profit MFIs to hold initial public offerings (IPOs), including the largest Indian MFI, SKS Microfinance, which held an IPO in July 2010.[91] In September 2010, Yunus criticised the IPO; in a debate with SKS founder Vikram Akula during the Clinton Global Initiative meeting,[92] he said, "Microcredit is not about exciting people to make money off the poor. That's what you're doing. That's the wrong message completely."Calculations of actual interest rate vary, but one estimate puts average Grameen rates at about a 23% interest rate (comparable to the inflation rate).[93] At the same time the organisation enjoyed a tax-free status for a period of several years which now has been removed.[94]
The trial of Muhammad Yunus[104] is the series of trials launched by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh against Muhammad Yunus. The former put the latter on trial in 2010 and ultimately removed him from Grameen Bank,[105] citing that he was too old to run the Bank which he founded in 1983.[106] In 2013, he was put on trial for a second time because he had supposedly received earnings without the necessary permission from the government, including his Nobel Peace Prize earnings and the royalties from his book sales.[107] The article claims that this series of trials against Yunus[108] has puzzled billions of people around the world, from the 8.3 million[109] underprivileged[110] women of Grameen Bank[111] to US[112] President Barack Obama.[113] Likening Hasina's[114] political vendetta against Yunus[115] to a modern-day replay[116] of the conflict[117] between Archimedes and General Marcellus, the article predicts that the "banker to the poor"[21] may face a fate[118] similar to the father of mathematics for asking Hasina[119] not to disturb the Grameen Bank.[104] Vikas Bajaj wrote in the Taking Note editorial blog of The New York Times on 7 November 2013:
On 11 January 2007, Army General Moeen U Ahmed staged a military coup.[130] Meanwhile, Yunus turned down his request to become the nation's fourth Chief Advisor after Khaleda Zia's term ended. Yunus, however, suggested the general pick Fakhruddin Ahmed[131] for the job. Fakhruddin took office on 11 January 2007 and made it clear on his very first day that he intended not only to arrange a free and fair election but also to clean up corruption. While Khalada and Hasina criticised Fakruddin and claimed that it was not his job to clean up corruption, Yunus expressed his satisfaction. In an interview with the AFP news agency, Yunus remarked that politicians in Bangladesh only work for money, saying, "There is no ideology here."[98] Hasina had a harsh reaction to Yunus' comments, calling him a "usurer who has not only failed to eradicate poverty but has also nurtured poverty.[132]" This was Hasina's first public statement against Yunus. One could make an analogy between Yunus' involvement as a nonpolitician and the role that Czech writer Václav Havel played in his country after the overthrow of the Communist regime. Later Yunus announced the name of this prospective political party, Nagorik Shakti (Citizen's Power), saying he had a mission to enter the political arena in his nation in hope of changing its identity from "bottomless basket" to "rising tiger." However, on 3 May, Yunus published a third open letter and put his political ambitions to rest.[108]
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"It's dusk, dearest. (In passing, isn't 'dusk' a lovely word? Ilike it better than twilight. It sounds so velvety and shadowy and...and...dusky.) In daylight I belong to the world...in the night to sleep and eternity. But in the dusk I'm freefrom both and belong only to myself...and you. So I'mgoing to keep this hour sacred to writing to you. Thoughthis won't be a love-letter. I have a scratchy pen and Ican't write love-letters with a scratchy pen...or a sharp pen...or a stub pen. So you'll only get that kind of letterfrom me when I have exactly the right kind of pen. Meanwhile, I'lltell you about my new domicile and its inhabitants. Gilbert,they're such dears.
"'Oh, Captain MacComber called it that. It was his house, youknow. He planted all the poplars round it and was mighty proud ofit, though he was seldom home and never stayed long. Aunt Kate usedto say that was inconvenient, but we never got it figured outwhether she meant his staying such a little time or his coming backat all. Well, Miss Shirley, I hope you'll get there. Rebecca Dew'sa good cook and a genius with cold potatoes. If she takes a notionto you you'll be in clover. If she doesn't...well, she won't,that's all. I hear there's a new banker in town looking for aboarding-house and she may prefer him. It's kind of funny Mrs. TomPringle wouldn't take you. Summerside is full of Pringles and halfPringles. They're called "The Royal Family" and you'll have to geton their good side, Miss Shirley, or you'll never get along inSummerside High. They've always ruled the roost hereabouts...there's a street called after old Captain Abraham Pringle. There'sa regular clan of them, but the two old ladies at Maplehurst bossthe tribe. I did hear they were down on you.'
"Just as we entered the gate of the garden of Windy Poplars Inoticed a little clump of clover right by the path. Some impulseled me to stoop down and look at it. Would you believe it, Gilbert?There, right before my eyes, were three four-leafed clovers!Talk about omens! Even the Pringles can't contend against that. AndI felt sure the banker hadn't an earthly chance.
"'We didn't want to take the banker...a young man would havebeen so unsettling and we would have had to worry so much ifhe didn't go to church regularly. But we pretended we did andRebecca Dew simply wouldn't hear of it. I'm so glad we have you,dear. I feel sure you'll be a very nice person to cook for. I hopeyou'll like us all. Rebecca Dew has some very fine qualities. Shewas not so tidy when she came fifteen years ago as she is now. OnceKate had to write her name..."Rebecca Dew"...right acrossthe parlor mirror to show the dust. But she never had to do itagain. Rebecca Dew can take a hint. I hope you'll find your roomcomfortable, dear. You may have the window open at night. Kate doesnot approve of night air but she knows boarders must haveprivileges. She and I sleep together and we have arranged it sothat one night the window is shut for her and the next it is openfor me. One can always work out little problems like that, don'tyou think? Where there is a will there is always a way. Don't bealarmed if you hear Rebecca prowling a good deal in the night. Sheis always hearing noises and getting up to investigate them. Ithink that is why she didn't want the banker. She was afraid shemight run into him in her nightgown. I hope you won't mind Kate nottalking much. It's just her way. And she must have so many thingsto talk of...she was all over the world with Amasa MacComber inher young days. I wish I had the subjects for conversation she has,but I've never been off P. E. Island. I've often wondered whythings should be arranged so...me loving to talk and withnothing to talk about and Kate with everything and hating to talk.But I suppose Providence knows best.'
"The Pringle situation grows a little more acute every week.Something very impertinent was written across one of my booksyesterday and Homer Pringle turned handsprings all the way down theaisle when leaving school. Also, I got an anonymous letter recentlyfull of nasty innuendoes. Somehow, I don't blame Jen for either thebook or the letter. Imp as she is, there are things she wouldn'tstoop to. Rebecca Dew is furious and I shudder to think what shewould do to the Pringles if she had them in her power. Nero's wishisn't to be compared to it. I really don't blame her, for there aretimes when I feel myself that I could cheerfully hand any and allof the Pringles a poisoned philter of Borgia brewing. 2ff7e9595c
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